Monument record MLI81301 - Possible Medieval Wharf, Calscroft

Summary

Possible medieval wharf on the Witham, at Calscroft.

Type and Period (1)

  • (Medieval to Post Medieval - 1066 AD to 1900 AD)

Protected Status/Designation

  • None recorded

Full Description

The Hundred Rolls indicate that joining Sheepwash Grange there was a two acre site called Calscroft where ships loaded and unloaded wool and other goods. Tolls were collected by the bailiffs of Lincoln on behalf of the Crown. The entry in the Hundred Rolls accuses the Abbot of Kirkstead of appropriating Calscroft, so preventing the collection of tolls. It is probable that large amounts of wool reached Sheepwash from its own granges further south, and possibly those of other houses. It is an obvious place at which wool could be collected up for export down the River Witham. Presumably the monks of Kirkstead had made provision at Sheepwash for the storage and loading of this wool, and the Calscroft site might have been quite separate, being in effect an outlying part of the port at Lincoln. However, it may have shared access to the river with the monastic grange and handled monastic wool which was free of toll. A possible location for Calscroft is to the north-east of the medieval site of Sheepwash Grange. On the ground at this point today there is the dry bed of a watercourse which appears once to have run into the Witham before the river was embanked under the Witham Drainage Act of 1761. This watercourse probably started at a slightly raised area which may indicate the site of buildings, an impression reinforced by a scattering of stones, suggesting the survival of masonry below ground. It is more than probable that Calscroft was the same spot as that described in 1680 as 'two closes called Calfe Close', which were bounded on the west by a ditch. A valuation by Thomas Smith after 1813 stated that there were extensive buildings on the site. These were supposed to have included a dock, warehouses and mills. However, there is no sign of a dock or inlet along the Witham, or of a westward extension of the Car Dyke from Washingborough, although Smith wrote that the Car Dyke reached Sheepwash and that the buildings 'seem to have been placed on the banks of this canal'. Moreover, the existence of mills would have blocked navigation of the main river, whilst smaller tributary streams are unlikely to have provided sufficient power. It seems that perhaps Smith was recording an oral tradition that had magnified the importance of Calscroft. {1}{2}

Sources/Archives (2)

  •  Article in Serial: Mills, D. and J.. 1998. 'A Case Study at Canwick of the Enduring Influence of Monastic Houses' in Lincolnshire History and Archaeology. pp.50-1.
  •  Index: SMR file. Canwick. TF 07 SW:BC; AJW; 1976.

Map

Location

Grid reference Centred TF 006 707 (111m by 113m) Approximate
Civil Parish WASHINGBOROUGH, NORTH KESTEVEN, LINCOLNSHIRE

Related Monuments/Buildings (0)

Related Events/Activities (0)

External Links (0)

Record last edited

Mar 21 2021 8:35PM

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